Process boundary
One clearly defined process
Several connected processes
Problem pattern
Clear start, completion point, and specific failure
Company-wide data and workflow fragmentation
Ownership
A limited, identifiable owner group
Multiple departments, locations, or leadership functions
System landscape
A manageable number of systems and sources
CRM, ERP, project, document, finance, and communication systems
Example
RFQ intake and estimator assignment
Lead → RFQ → estimate → project → cost → reporting
Primary outcome
A specific operational result
Shared source definitions and management visibility